Analysis of Non-Idealities on CMOS Passive Mixers

In the current state of art, WiFi-alike standards require achieving a high Image Rejection Ratio (IRR) while having low power consumption. Thus, quadrature structures based on passive ring mixers offer an attractive and widely used solution, as they can achieve IRR being block. However, it is not easy for designer to know when simple scheme enough should aim double structure approach, latter improve performance at cost requiring more area complexity. This study focuses IRR, which crucially depends symmetry between I Q branches. Non-idealities (component mismatches, parasitics, etc.) will degrade ideal balance by affecting mixer and/or following/previous stages. paper analyses effect imbalances, providing constraints obtaining 40 dB in case conversion from one-hundred-megahertz signal five-gigahertz range (upconversion) vice versa (downconversion) schemes. All simulations were carried out with complete device models 65 nm standard CMOS technology also post-layout Monte Carlo analysis was included mismatch analysis. The final section includes guidelines help designers choose most adequate each case.